Focus Morocco: The Asymmetry of EU Border Externalization

The Outsourcing of European Responsibility

The external border of the European Union no longer ends at the shores of the Mediterranean. Through immense political pressure, restrictive visa policies, and aggressive financial conditionalities, the EU has systematically outsourced its border enforcement to the Global South. This umbrella project by borderline-europe monitors and analyzes the far-reaching consequences of Europe’s externalisation policies along the Spanish-Moroccan land borders of Ceuta and Melilla, and the Western Mediterranean route.

We direct our critical focus at the true architects of this border regime: the European Commission, Frontex, and the Spanish State. Rather than fulfilling its human rights obligations, the EU leaves transit countries in the Global South to manage the socio-economic and political fallout of European isolationism.

Core Pillars of Analysis

1. The Colonial Remnants: Spanish Pushbacks in Ceuta & Melilla

The Spanish enclaves in Northern Africa represent the only land borders between the EU and the African continent. We critically document the militarization of these borders by the Spanish state, focusing on the illegal summary expulsions (devoluciones en caliente) and human rights abuses committed by the Spanish Guardia Civil under the umbrella of European security.

2. The Weaponization of the Schengen Visa

Freedom of movement is heavily racialized. We monitor how the EU leverages Article 25a of its Visa Code to punish Moroccan citizens by restricting visas for students, professionals, and families as a diplomatic weapon to force compliance on deportations and border control.

3. Conditionality of EU Funds

Through instruments like the NDICI (Global Europe), the EU ties critical development aid to migration deterrence. We track these financial flows, advocating for a decolonial approach where aid is not weaponized to fund "Smart Borders" and biometric surveillance at the expense of regional prosperity.

Solidarity Needs Your Support

Holding the European border-industrial complex accountable requires continuous, independent monitoring. Your donation to borderline-europe enables us to expose Spanish border violence and build lasting alliances with grassroots networks advocating for mobility justice.

Current projects

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Focus Morocco: The Asymmetry of EU Border Externalization

Morocco stands at the crossroads of the Western Mediterranean route. This umbrella project documents European externalization policies, exposing how the EU and the Spanish state enforce "Fortress Europe" through restrictive visa regimes, conditional development aid, and border violence in Ceuta and Melilla at the expense of the Global South.

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Rearmament via Algorithm: The New Dimension of EU Border Surveillance

The new article series by borderline-europe shines a light on the digital side of European border policy. Discover how artificial intelligence, biometrics, and drones are being deployed for invisible mass surveillance and exclusion.

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Central Mediterranean Info

borderline-europe started in March 2019 to put together information about the situation in the Central Mediterranean Sea for internal research reasons. ISome of the data are published here and on our social media channels.

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The Mediterranean: monitoring, research, identification

borderline-europe is involved in two very different MONITORING projects:

  • In ‘Detention, illegalisation and the so-called CEAS reform in southern Italy’, the focus is on the implementation of the European Pact on Migration at the EU's external border. The project started in September 2024.
  • "Invisible" is about the situation of refugees in Sicily.
  • Mem.Med is a cooperation project between many entities that carefully focus on the people who have not made it through the dangerous crossing of the Mediterranean Sea. borderline-europe supports the project through volunteers.
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Situation of refugees and migrants in Italy

Here you can find our monthly Update on the situation in Italy "Scirocco - News in Brief" and further information on the situation of refugees and migrants in Italy.

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Sudan: Documentation of enforced disappearances

Enforced disappearance is a particularly insidious form of political repression. Political opponents are silenced and their entire social circle is intimidated. Together with the Africa Centre for Justice and Peace Studies, we document human rights violations involving cases of disappeared activists and migrants.

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